What is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

Carpal tunnel syndrome is a specific group of symptoms that can include tingling, numbness, weakness, or pain in the fingers, thumb, hand, and occasionally in the forearm. These symptoms occur when there is pressure on the median nerve within the wrist. The carpal tunnel is a small space or “tunnel” in the wrist formed by the wrist bones (carpal bones) and a ligament (transverse carpal ligament). The median nerve and several tendons pass through the carpal tunnel from the forearm to the hand. The tendons are surrounded by tubes of tissue.

It is the most common nerve entrapment syndrome, characterized by paresthesias, typically nocturnal, and sometimes sensory loss and wasting in the median nerve distribution in the hand; often bilateral and affects women more than men; due to chronic entrapment of the median nerve at the wrist within the carpal tunnel.

What are the causes of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

Carpal tunnel syndrome occurs when the tissues surrounding the flexor tendons in the wrist swell and put pressure on the median nerve. These tissues are called the synovium. The synovium lubricates the tendons and makes it easier to move the fingers.This swelling of the synovium narrows the confined space of the carpal tunnel, and over time, crowds the nerve.

Many things contribute to the development of carpal tunnel syndrome:

• Heredity is the most important factor – carpal tunnels are smaller in some people, and this trait can run in families.
• Hand use over time can play a role. Especially in computer operators and musicians who keep their wrists in extended position for a long time.
  
• Hormonal changes related to pregnancy can play a role.
  
• Age — the disease occurs more frequently in older people.
  
• Medical conditions, including diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and thyroid gland imbalance can play a role.Get Estimate